IJMS, Free Full-Text
Por um escritor misterioso
Last updated 10 outubro 2024
Thoracic aortic disease affects people of all ages and the majority of those aged <60 years have an underlying genetic cause. There is presently no effective medical therapy for thoracic aneurysm and surgery remains the principal intervention. Unlike abdominal aortic aneurysm, for which the inflammatory/atherosclerotic pathogenesis is well established, the mechanism of thoracic aneurysm is less understood. This paper examines the key cell signaling systems responsible for the growth and development of the aorta, homeostasis of endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells and interactions between pathways. The evidence supporting a role for individual signaling pathways in pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysm is examined and potential novel therapeutic approaches are reviewed. Several key signaling pathways, notably TGF-β, WNT, NOTCH, PI3K/AKT and ANGII contribute to growth, proliferation, cell phenotype and survival for both vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. There is crosstalk between pathways, and between vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, with both synergistic and antagonistic interactions. A common feature of the activation of each is response to injury or abnormal cell stress. Considerable experimental evidence supports a contribution of each of these pathways to aneurysm formation. Although human information is less, there is sufficient data to implicate each pathway in the pathogenesis of human thoracic aneurysm. As some pathways i.e., WNT and NOTCH, play key roles in tissue growth and organogenesis in early life, it is possible that dysregulation of these pathways results in an abnormal aortic architecture even in infancy, thereby setting the stage for aneurysm development in later life. Given the fine tuning of these signaling systems, functional polymorphisms in key signaling elements may set up a future risk of thoracic aneurysm. Multiple novel therapeutic agents have been developed, targeting cell signaling pathways, predominantly in cancer medicine. Future investigations addressing cell specific targeting, reduced toxicity and also less intense treatment effects may hold promise for effective new medical treatments of thoracic aortic aneurysm.
IJMS, Free Full-Text
IJMS, Free Full-Text
IJMS Free Full-Text Immunoglobulin Abnormalities In Gaucher, 48% OFF
IJMS, Free Full-Text
IJMS Free Full-Text Research Advances In Mechanical, 52% OFF
IJMS Free Full-Text Research Advances In Mechanical, 54% OFF
diagram - Clip Art Library
Ijms Free Full Text Recent Advances In Pharmacological 74952
IJMS, Free Full-Text
IJMS, Free Full-Text
IJMS Free Full-Text Research Advances In Mechanical, 54% OFF
IJMS, Free Full-Text
IJMS, Free Full-Text
Ijms Free Full Text Delayed Onset Of Age Dependent Changes In Ultrastructure Of Myocardial 116100
Recomendado para você
-
Linn da Quebrada sofre transfobia e é chamada de 'troço' em podcast10 outubro 2024
-
Veja a lista completa dos bilionários brasileiros de 2021 - Forbes10 outubro 2024
-
Corona, Quarentena, Treino em casa, e Sanidade // Arthur Petry, Alê, Leandro Twin, Gabriel arones by AronesCast10 outubro 2024
-
ARTHUR PETRY fala sobre um mundo Gay10 outubro 2024
-
Qual a tua opinião sobre este acontecimento? #casamento #mairacardi #t10 outubro 2024
-
O povo é o problema (075) Saco Cheio Podcast com Arthur Petry10 outubro 2024
-
Mario Schwartzmann, Brazilian Flat Earther, Anti-Vax, Anti-Semite, etc. influencer died January 13th, 2022 due to untreated diabetes. More context and translations in the comments. : r/DeathsofDisinfo10 outubro 2024
-
Abrace seu filho: como a criação com afeto mudou a história de um pai - E-book - Thiago Queiroz - Storytel10 outubro 2024
-
Psicanalista QUESTIONA RELAÇÃO com os PAIS Cortes À Deriva com Arthur Petry10 outubro 2024
-
Fox and Friends (TV Series 1998– ) - “Cast” credits - IMDb10 outubro 2024
você pode gostar
-
Valorant Sage Wallpapers - Top Free Valorant Sage Backgrounds - WallpaperAccess10 outubro 2024
-
What are some of the most powerful Devil Fruits in One Piece's history? How would their users fare against Mihawk if he was serious about fighting them? - Quora10 outubro 2024
-
MAC Oh Honey Velvetease Lip Pencil Review & Swatches10 outubro 2024
-
Arma 3 Mod Turns It Into a Halo Game10 outubro 2024
-
Traffic Motos 3 - Apps on Google Play10 outubro 2024
-
O GTA Online tem crossplay? Informações de plataforma cruzada de PC, Xbox e PS5 - Moyens I/O10 outubro 2024
-
Italy box office (September 5) : r/boxoffice10 outubro 2024
-
Fruta Dragon Blox Fruit - Roblox - DFG10 outubro 2024
-
my pokémon type tier list10 outubro 2024
-
100 METRE ROLL OF NEW AND HIGH QUALITY BUBBLE WRAP 500mm x 100m / STRONG10 outubro 2024